School of Business at the State
                University of New York at New Paltz
 
Joel H. Neuman, Ph.D.
Emeritus Associate Professor of Management & Organizational Behavior

Photo of Dr. Joel
                H. Neuman

Courses Taught

  • Organizational Behavior (BUS321)
  • Motivation & Work Behavior (BUS454)
  • Workplace Aggression & Counterproductive Behavior (BUS455)
  • Graduate Seminar in Organizational Change and Development (BUS566)
  • Graduate Seminar in Organizational Behavior (BUS568)
Undergraduate course descriptions
Graduate course descriptions

Biography

Prior to his academic career, Dr. Neuman held various positions in the private-sector and served with the United States Navy in Vietnam. For a period of 11 years, before  joining the faculty at SUNY New Paltz, he was an executive in the consumer electronics industry. 

With respect to his academic credentials, Dr. Neuman holds a B.A. in Psychology and an M.A. in Industrial and Organizational Psychology, from the State University of New York at New Paltz, and a Ph.D. in Applied Social Psychology from the University at Albany, SUNY.

Dr. Neuman was the founding director of the Center for Applied Management (C-FAM), a research center devoted to the study of contemporary management practices and problems. During his tenure, the Center was involved in numerous projects that resulted in practical solutions for "real-world" organizational problems and the development of more effective management processes and practices.

Dr. Neuman has taught courses, and delivered workshops, related to: Principles of Management, Organizational Behavior, Organizational Change and Development, Industrial Psychology, Human Resource Management, Conflict Management, Group Dynamics, Time Management and Personal Productivity, Team-Building, Personnel Recruiting and Staffing, Stress Management, Research Methods, Work Motivation, Leadership, and Workplace Aggression and Counterproductive Behavior.

In recognition of his seminal work in the area of workplace aggression and violence, Dr. Neuman received the 2001 Chancellor's Recognition Award for Scholarship and Research. In 2012, Dr. Neuman received the Distinguished Teaching Award from the School of Business at SUNY New Paltz. With respect to his professional affiliations, Dr. Neuman is a member of the: 

  • Academy of Management (AOM)
  • Organizational  Behavior Division (AOM)
  • Organizational Change and Development Division (AOM)
  • Conflict Management Division (AOM)
  • American Psychological Association (APA)
  • Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP)
Consulting Services

For the past 20 years, Dr. Neuman has consulted for a large number of public and private sector organizations in the areas of workplace aggression and organization development and change.  Since 1999, he has conducted research and provided consulting services to the United States Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). The Workplace Stress and Aggression Project, within VA, has been widely cited as an important organizational change initiative designed to explore the prevalence, causes, and consequences of stress and aggression in work settings and implement and evaluate  interventions designed to deal with these issues. Again related to his work in the area of workplace bullying and psychological aggression, Dr. Neuman has conducted research with, and provided consulting services to, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

In addition, Dr. Neuman serves on the Advisory Board for the New Workplace Institute, a not-for-profit research and education center at Suffolk University Law School promoting healthy, productive, and socially responsible workplaces.

Publications

Neuman, J. H. (2013). Aggression, unethical behavior, and employee well-being: An "aggressive" examination of the issues. In Giacalone, R. A., & Promislo, M. D. (Eds.), The handbook of unethical work behavior: Implications for well-being. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2013). Bullies coming out of the schoolyard and into the boardroom: Combating abusive workplace communication. In J. S. Wrench (Ed.), Workplace communication for the 21st century: Tools and strategies that impact the bottom line (pp. 321-353). New York: Praeger.

Neuman, J. H. (2012). Workplace violence and aggression: When you do not want your company on the news. In N. P. Reilly, M. J. Sirgy, & G., C. Allen  (Eds.), Work and quality of life: Ethical practices in organizations.

Neuman, J. H. (2012). Gender and sex differences in the forms of workplace aggression. In Fox, S. & Lituchy, T. R. (Eds.), Gender and the dysfunctional workplace. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.

Neuman, J. H. (2012). Workplace violence. In Figley, C. R. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Trauma. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Neuman, J. H., & Baron, R. A. (2011). Social antecedents of bullying: A social interactionist perspective. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and harassment in the workplace: Developments in theory, research, and practice (2nd ed., pp. 201-225). London England: CRC Press.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2010). Means, motive opportunity and aggressive workplace behavior. In J. Greenberg (Ed.), Insidious workplace behavior (pp. 31-76). New York: Psychology Press.

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J. H. (2010). Faculty experiences with bullying in higher education: Causes, consequences, and management. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 32, 48-70.

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J.H. (2009). Building a constructive communication climate: The Workplace Stress and Aggression Project. In P. Lutgen-Sandvik & B. Sypher (Eds.), Destructive organizational communication: Processes, consequences and constructive ways of organizing (pp. 339-362). London: Routledge.

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J. H. (2008). Aggression at the service delivery interface: Do you see what I see? Journal of Management and Organization, 14, 180-192.

Yorks, L., Neuman, J. H., Kowalski, D., & Kowalski, R. (2007). Lessons learned from a five-year project within the Department of Veterans Affairs: Applying theories of interpersonal aggression and organizational justice to the development and maintenance of collaborative social space. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 43, 352-372.

Neuman, J. H., & Baron, R. A. (2005). Aggression in the workplace: A social psychological perspective. In S. Fox, & P. E. Spector (Eds.), Counterproductive workplace behavior: Investigations of actors and targets (pp. 13-40). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Neuman, J. H. (2004). The role of the workplace in workplace bullying. Perspectives on Work, 7(2), 40-42.

Neuman, J. H. (2004). Injustice, stress, and aggression in organizations. In R. W. Griffin & A. M. O'Leary-Kelly (Eds.), The dark side of organizational behavior (pp. 62-102). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J. H. (2004). Bullying in the workplace: Its impact and management. Employee Rights and Employment Policy Journal, 8, 335-373.

Coyle-Shapiro, J., & Neuman, J. H. (2004). The pschyological contract and individual differences: The role of exchange and creditor ideologies. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 64, 150-164.

Neuman, J. H. (2003/2004, Winter). Workplace aggression. European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology Newsletter, 4, 10-11.

Harmon, J., Scotti, D. J., Behson, S., Farias, G., Petzel, R., Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2003). Effects of high-involvement work systems on employee satisfaction and service costs in veterans healthcare. Journal of Healthcare Management, 48, 393-407.

Neuman, J. H., & Baron, R. A. (2003). Social antecedents of bullying: A social interactionist perspective. In S. Einarsen, H. Hoel, D. Zapf, & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), Bullying and emotional abuse in the workplace: International perspectives in research and practice (pp. 185-202). London: Taylor & Francis.

Baron, R. A., Neuman, J. H., & Geddes, D. (1999). Social and personal determinants of workplace aggression: Evidence for the impact of perceived injustice and the Type A Behavior Pattern. Aggressive Behavior, 25, 281-296. 

Neuman, J. H. (1999, August). Very aggressive protection against workplace aggression. Bottom Line Business, 28(1), 5-6.

Neuman, J. H., & Baron, R. A. (1998). Workplace violence and workplace aggression: Evidence concerning specific forms, potential causes, and preferred targets. Journal of Management, 24, 391-419.

Baron, R. A., & Neuman, J. H. (1998). Workplace Aggression--The Iceberg Beneath the Tip of Workplace Violence: Evidence on its Forms, Frequency, and Targets. Public Administration Quarterly, 21, 446-464.

Neuman, J. H., & Baron, R. A. (1997). Aggression in the workplace. In R. Giacalone and J. Greenberg (Eds.), Antisocial behavior in organizations (pp. 37-67). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Baron, R. A., & Neuman, J. H.(1996). Workplace violence and workplace aggression: Evidence on their relative frequency and potential causes. Aggressive Behavior, 22, 161-173.

Fairweather, P., Neuman, J. H., & Schnell, G., & (1994). A regional economic development compact: Actions to promote a regional revitalization, an update of the Mid-Hudson regional economic development strategy. New Paltz, NY. 

Byrne, D. & Neuman, J. H. (1992). The Implications of Attraction Research for Organizational Issues. In K. Kelley (Ed.). Issues, theory, and research in industrial-organizational psychology (pp. 29-70). Amsterdam: North?Holland. 

Dintruff, D. L., Luttinger, H. J., Neuman, J. H. (1989). The relationship of psychological factors to speech system performance. (Unclassified technical report presented to the Department of Human Factors and Usability Design. Kingston, NY: International Business Machines Corp. 

Neuman, J. H., Collins, M. G., & Sayre, J. (1986). Efficacy of speech technology in computer-assisted instruction. Unclassified technical report). Kingston, NY: IBM, Corp.

Dintruff, D. L., Luttinger, H. J., Neuman, J. H., & Wang, T. (1985). Factors influencing response preference using speech technology as an "on-line interviewer." (Unclassified technical report: TR 21.967). Kingston, NY: International Business Machines Corp.

Professional Papers & Presentations

Neuman, J. H. (2013, April). The management of aggression in work settings: Lessons learned from research and practice. In J. C. Shapiro & V. J. Magley Chairs, Workplace Mistreatment Prevention and Intervention Strategies. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Houston, TX.

Neuman, J. H. (2012, June). Gender and sex differences in the forms of workplace aggression.  In S. Fox & T. R. Lituchy Chairs, Gender and the dysfunctional workplace. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Work and Family Researchers Network Conference, New York, NY.

Neuman, J. H. (2011, May). Addressing aggression and bullying in the workplace. Paper presented at the meeting of the Mental Health Matters in the Workplace Conference: Sponsored by the Mental Health Association of East Tennessee, Knoxville, TN.

Neuman, J. H. (2011, April). Dealing with aggression and bullying. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Federation of Teachers: National Higher Education Issues Conference, Philadelphia, PA.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2009, November). Applying organization development principles and practices to the prevention and management of workplace bullying. In S. Fox Chair, From research to activism. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the APA-NIOSH Conference: Work, Stress, and Health 2009, Puerto Rico.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2009, November). Workplace bullying in health care: History, diagnosis, prescriptions, and prevention. In P. Grubb Chair, Wounding our nurses while they nurse our wounds: Bullying in the nursing profession.  Symposium conducted at the meeting of the APA-NIOSH Conference: Work, Stress, and Health 2009, Puerto Rico.

Keashly, L. & Neuman, J. H. (2009, November). Building community to address workplace bullying: From research to practice in healthcare settings. In P. Grubb Chair, Wounding our nurses while they nurse our wounds: Bullying in the nursing profession.  Symposium conducted at the meeting of the APA-NIOSH Conference: Work, Stress, and Health 2009, Puerto Rico.

Neuman, J. H. (2008, August). Workplace aggression research. In J. Raver Chair, The dark side of employee behavior: Evaluating our questions, answers, and future directions. Symposium to be conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Anaheim, CA.

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J. H. (2007, November). Stepping up: Developing peer strategies for managing bullying at work. In S. Dickmeyer Chair, Building workplace bullying sminars: Grounding training and development in strong communications scholarship. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the National Communications Association, Chicago, IL.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2007, August). Bridging the gap between theory and practice in the study of workplace aggression: Findings from a five-year action-research initiative. In M. Jelinek Chair, Engaged research: A case study from the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Workplace Stress and Aggression Project. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Philadelphia, PA.

Neuman, J. H. (2007, August). Translating research into practice. In P. L. Grubb & J. Scaringi Chairs, Developing a strategy for workplace bullying/psychological aggression research. Symposium to be conducted at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2007, April). Differential attributions, impact, and responses to workplace aggression from coworkers, superiors, and clients. In A. C. H. Schat & S. M. Hershcovis Chairs, Towards a relational model of workplace aggression. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, New York.

Neuman, J. H., & Scaringi, J. (2007, January). Hard facts about the “soft stuff.” The business case for work climate improvement. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Federation of Government Employees (AFGE) National VA Council Safety Training Conference, Las Vegas, NV.

Neuman, J. H. (2006, June).  Workplace Aggression and organizational learning: Can you teach nasty old dogs new tricks? In M. M. LeBlanc (Chair), Understanding the impact of aggression on employment. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the Canadian Psychological Association, Calgary, Alberta.

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J. H. (2006, May). Setting the stage: Prevalence, antecedents and effects of workplace bullying. In J. C. Srabstein (Chair), Bullying in the workplace: Psychiatric and public health perspectives. Symposium presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, Toronto. 

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J. H. (2006, March).  Aggression at the service delivery interface: Evolution of patient-staff hostility. In J. A. Gallus & J. A. Bunk (Chairs), Sticks, stones, and names at work: Exploring workplace mistreatment research. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the APA-NIOSH joint conference on Work, Stress, and Health '06, Miami, FL.

Grubb, P. L., Scaringi, J., Neuman, J. H., Keashly, L., Brightwell, W. S., Robertts, R. K., Proctor, C. A.., & Grosch, J. W.  (2006, March).  Workplace bullying: Current research and next steps. Paper presented at the meeting of the APA-NIOSH joint conference on Work, Stress, and Health '06, Miami, FL.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2005, August). Reducing aggression and bullying: An intervention project in the U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs. In J. Raver (Chair), Workplace bullying: International perspectives on moving from research to practice. Symposium to be conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Honolulu, HI.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2004, August 9). Means, motive, opportunity and abusive workplace behavior. In J. Greenberg & M.-E. Roberge (Chairs), Insidious workplace deviance behavior: Causes and consequences. Symposium to conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, New Orleans, LA.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2004, April 4). Development of the Workplace Aggression Research Questionnaire (WAR-Q): Preliminary data from the Workplace Stress and Aggression Project. In R. J. Bennett & C. D. Crossley (Chairs), Theoretical advancements in the study of antisocial behavior at work. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago, IL.

Keashly, L., Neuman, J. H., & Burnazi, L. (2004, April 4). Persistent hostility at work: What really hurts? In S. M. Burroughs & M. L. Gruys (Chairs), Bullying in the workplace: Foundations, forms, and future directions. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago, IL.

Kowalski, D., Petzel, R., Kowalski, R., Neuman, J. H., & Yorks, L. (2004, January 14). Creating collaborative space: Lessons from the VA Workplace Stress and Aggression Project. Paper presented at the  Fourth SoL Research Greenhouse, sponsored by the Society for Organizational Learning and Boston College,  Boston, MA.

Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2003, April 12). Workplace bullying: Persistent patterns of workplace aggression. In J. Greenberg, & M.-E. Roberge (Chairs), Vital but neglected topics in workplace deviance research. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Orlando, FL.

Neuman, J. H. (2003, March 20). Bridge under construction: The Workplace Stress and Aggression Project in the Department of Veterans Affairs. In L. Keashly (Chair), Building and sustaining the bridge from research to practice: The workplace stress and aggression project in the Department of Veterans Affairs. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the APA/NIOSH Work, Stress, and Health Conference: New Challenges in a Changing Workplace, Toronto, CA.

Neuman, J. H. (2003, January 4). The role of the workplace in workplace bullying: AKA, the social determinants of antisocial behavior. In R. V. Denenberg (Chair), Workplace bullying: Multifaceted perspectives and responses. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Industrial Relations Research Association, Washington, DC.

Neuman, J. H., Petzel, R., Blakely, M., & McCray, A. (2002, December 19). The Workplace Stress and Aggression Project at the Department of Veterans Affairs. Two-hour live satellite broadcast to all VA facilities nationwide to disseminate research findings and information about this on-going project. VA Employee Education System, Moderator: Maria LeRose, Washington, DC. 

Kowalski, R., Kowalski, D., Kollar, E., Harmon, J., Towmey, D., Yorks, L., & Neuman, J. H. (2002, October 29). New challenges and learning from a large-scale collaborative research project with academic-practitioner action-learning teams, focused on a national study of workplace stress and aggression in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs(VA). Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Organizational Learning, Washington, D.C. 

Yorks, L., Twomey, D. F., Keashly, L., Neuman, J. H., Kowalski, D. R., Kowalski, R., Scaringi, J., Harmon, J. I., & Petzel, R. A. (2002, August 12). How do we know what we know? In J. I. Harmon (Chair), How do we know what we think we know? Epistemic challenges of building academic-practice networks. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Denver, CO.

Twomey, D., Yorks, L., Harmon, J., Behson, S., Neuman, J. H., Keashly, L., Kowalski, D., Kowalski, R., Scaringi, J., & Marsick, V. (2002, May 2). Toward enlightening the organization using collaborative action inquiry: An academic-practitioner experiment to reduce workplace stress and aggression. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Academy of Management, New Haven, CT.

Neuman, J. H. (2002, September 23). It's just not fair: Workplace bullying and the social exchange process. Keynote address presented at the International Conference on Bullying and Harassment at Work, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK.

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J. H. (2002, August 12). Exploring persistent patterns of workplace aggression. In P. J. Moberg (Chair), Workplace abuse, aggression, bullying, and incivility: Conceptual and empirical insights. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Denver, CO.

Neuman, J. H. (2002, July 17). The workplace stress and aggression project: Working with quantitative data obtained with the Workplace Aggression Research Questionnaire (WAR-Q). In J. Scaringi (Chair), Preventing workplace stress and aggression: Hard facts about the soft stuff. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the National Leaders' Conference, Atlanta, GA.

Neuman, J. H. (2002, April 13). The interactive effects of injustice, stress, and workplace aggression and their impact on employee satisfaction and performance. In R. W. Griffin, A. M. O'Leary-Kelly, & R. D. Pritchard (Chairs), Frontiers series invited symposium: The dark side of organizational behavior. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Toronto, Canada.

Harmon, J. I., Behson, S. J., Neuman, J. H., & Keashly, L. (2001). Quantitatively mapping the organizational causes and performance effects of workplace stress and aggression in the U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs. In J. I. Harmon (Chair), Working along the practice-grounded research continuum: A collaborative academic-practitioner action-science experiment In the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Washington, DC.

Neuman, J. H. (2001, September). Aggression and violence in today’s leaner and meaner workplace. Arts Now Conference: Sites of Conflict—Art in a Culture of Violence. State University of New York at New Paltz, New Paltz, NY.

Neuman, J. H. (2000, October 27). Workplace aggression and bullying: The current state of the field. Paper presented at the Workplace Bullying Conference at the Center for Advanced Legal Studies, Suffolk University Law School: Boston, MA.

Petzel, R. A., Neuman, J. H., Keashly, L., Blakely, M. Y., Harmon, J., Kollar, E., Kowalski, D., Kowalski, R., Long, J., Scaringi, J., & Yorks, L. A. (2000, October 18). Reducing workplace stress and aggression to enhance individual and organizational performance. Presented at the Best Practices in Health Care Settings Conference, Pittsburgh, PA. 

Coyle-Shapiro, J., & Neuman, J. H. (2000, September). Individual differences: Do they matter in the psychological contract. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the British Academy of Management, Edinburgh, Scotland.

Neuman, J. H. (2000, August 8). Organizational injustice and work-related stress as social and situational determinants of workplace aggression. In C. L. Cooper (Chair), Exploring persistent patterns in workplace aggression. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Toronto.

Neuman, J. H. (2000, August 7). Antecedents and consequences of workplace stress and aggression. In J. Harmon (Chair), A time for experimentation and inquiry into ourselves? A collaborative academic-practitioner action science experiment in the U. S. Department of Veterans Affairs to reduce workplace stress and aggression. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Toronto.

Neuman, J. H. (2000, April). The role of reciprocity in both pro- and anti-socialization of the workforce. In J. H. Neuman & J. Coyle-Shapiro (Chairs), Employee-employer reciprocity within and beyond the employment relationship. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, New Orleans, LA.

Neuman, J. H. (2000, January). Injustice, stress, and bullying can be expensive! Paper presented at the first U.S. based international conference on workplace bullying, Oakland, CA

Neuman, J. H. (1999, November). Social, situational, and personal determinants of workplace aggression: What do we know? What have we learned? Paper presented at the meeting of the American Public Health Association, Chicago, IL.

Keashly, L., & Neuman, J. H. (1999, March). Workplace abuse and aggression: Antecedents, processes, and outcomes. Paper presented at the APA-NIOSH joint conference on Work, Stress, and Health '99: Organization of Work in a Global Economy, Baltimore, MD. 

Neuman, J. H. & Baron, R. A. (1998, August). Perceived injustice as a cause of--and justification for--workplace aggression and violence. In A. M. O'Leary-Kelly and Daniel P. Skarlicki (Chairs), Advances in organizational justice theories: The motivation to engage in dysfunctional behavior. Symposium conducted at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management, San Diego, California.

Baron, R. A., & Neuman, J. H. (1998, July). Workplace aggression: Lessons learned from contemporary theories of aggression. Paper presented at the meeting of the  International Society for Research on Aggression, Mahwa, New Jersey.

Baron, R. A., Neuman, J. H., & Geddes, D. (1998, July 13). Social and personal determinants of workplace aggression: The role of perceived injustice and the Type A behavior pattern. Paper presented at the meeting of the International Society for Research on Aggression, Mahwah, NJ. 

Neuman, J. H., & Baron, R. A. (1997, April). Type A Behavior Pattern, Self-Monitoring, and Job Satisfaction as Predictors of Aggression in the Workplace. In G. Chao (Chair), Counter-productive Job Performance and Organizational Dysfunction. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, St. Louis, Missouri. 

Baron, R. A., Neuman, J. H., & Geddes, D. (1996, August). Workplace aggression--The iceberg beneath the tip: Evidence on its forms, frequency, and potential causes. In J. Greenberg & S. Robinson (Chairs), Antisocial behavior in organizations: Research, theory, and applications. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Academy of Management, Cincinnati, OH.

Baron, R. A., & Neuman, J. H. (1996, April). Aggression in the workplace: Why it may be increasing and why violence is only the tip of the iceberg. In M. A. Korsgaard (Chair), Being nasty or nice: How do people make the choice? Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, San Diego, California. 

Dintruff,D. L., Luttinger, H. J., Neuman, J. H., & Wang, T. (1985). Psychological factors influencing response preference using speech technology as an "on-line interviewer." Human Factors Society Annual Proceedings.

Last Updated: January 1, 2016


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